The World of Computer Software/The World of Computer Software.iso/nt107.zip/NT.DOC

Text File | 1992-08-06 | 29KB | 735 lines

nt - The AU Terminal Emulator, Version 10.7  -  Command Summary
==   ========================  ============     ===============

     Nevil Brownlee, Computer Centre, University of Auckland
              Fri 7 Aug 92

Commands can be typed on the DOS command line (after NT), at the
nt prompt, or in a file of Kermit commands (called a TAKE file
by Kermit).  nt starts operation by looking for a TAKE file called
nt.ini; if it finds this it will execute the commands in it.
Then it it will execute any commands entered on the DOS command line,
and finally it will display the nt prompt and wait for you to
enter a command.

The nt parser provides four functions which can be invoked at any point
in a command line:

       ?  will provide help at any point.
      ??  provides more detailed help.

       !  will terminate a command and prevent nt from executing it.

    @ fn  causes nt to start reading command input from the TAKE
         file whose name is fn.

Multiple commands can be entered on a single line, and semicolons may
be used to separate them.

Strings are used by several of the nt commands.  If they don't
contain embedded blanks they may be typed 'as is'.  Otherwise they
must be surrounded by either apostrophes (') or quotes (").  Non-printing
characters in strings are introduced by the \ character, and follow the
same conventions as literal strings in C, e.g. to produce
a carriage return use \r, to produce a \ use \\.

kpc (nt's predecessor) used # as a literal escape character, e.g.
#0x0A produced a carriage return.  This convention is still supported
by nt; a # character may be produced by either \# or #0x23.


The following are the commands recognised by nt, the Auckland University
Computer Centre's Terminal Emulator for the PC.


CONNECT [portid]
        Begin emulating a terminal, i.e. start or resume a terminal session.
        If this is a new session starting the screen is cleared and the
        CONINIT character sequence (if one has been specified) is sent.
    Otherwise it is an existing session being resumed - the terminal state
        and the screen display are restored.

    Each terminal session is given a session number, taken from the
        set [1..9,0].  This number is displayed whenever the session status
        is displayed, and may be used to specify a session to switch to.

        The portid identifies the terminal session; it may be a physical
        port identifier or a session number.  If the specified session
        is active it is resumed, otherwise a new one is begun.  If any port
        parameters have been changed since the session was last active,
        the old session is disconnected and a new one started.  Terminal
        options (e.g. flow-control, auto-wrap) may be changed without
        causing nt to start a new session.

        If no portid is specified, the current session (specified by
        SET PORT, COM1 by default) is used.

        Valid portids are:

       TCP1 .. TCP8    Eight Telnet ports.
           TCP             Any free Telnet port.
           COM1, COM2      Serial ports 1 and 2.
           COM             Any free serial port.
       LAT1 .. LAT4    The four ports of the DEC LAT driver.
           LAT             Any free LAT port.

           1..9, 0         Session 1..9, 0.

           NEXT            The next active session
                              (in session number order).
           PREVIOUS        The previous active session.

    ESCAPE sequences are used to control the emulator; these consist of
        the ESCAPE character (default value Control-]) followed by a single
        character.  The ESCAPE sequences include

       C  exit from CONNECT             A  Alpha (vt or V200) mode
           Z  reset nterm
                                            G  Tektronix Graph mode
       D  Disable input from host       T  Tektronix Text mode
                                            I  Tektronix GIN mode
           R  Resume logging                P  Tektronix Point mode
           Q  Quit logging                  N  Tektronix iNcrement mode

           S  display emulator State        B  send short Break
           V  display emulator Version      0  send null
           E  Erase status line             ?  help

           +  Switch to next session        F  to send raw ASCII File
           -  Switch to previous session    O  to specify raw file prOmpt
        1..0  Switch to session 1..0
                                            K  toggle cursor shape
       H  Send our IP address

       J  Push to DOS (EXIT to return)

    As an alternative to Ctrl-] x (the standard Kermit convention) you
        may hold down the Alt key and press x, e.g. Alt-C returns to
    CONNECT.

    A-? provides on-line help within a session.  See the HELP command
    for more details.

    If you push to DOS (Ctrl-] J or Alt-J), a new copy of the DOS command
        shell is invoked.  This allows you to perform DOS operations,
    then use the DOS 'exit' command to get back to nt and carry on
    where you left off.

    Each session may have up to four screen buffers, the first of
    these is buffer 0.  Pressing C-1 switches to using buffer 1;
    you may switch back to buffer 0 by pressing C-0.  Buffers 2
    and 3 are accessed using C-2 and C-3.

    Telnet sessions are implemented using the TCP/IP code from
    NCSA Telnet 2.3.  Note, however, that the Alt- key codes described
    above are very different to the ones used by NCSA Telnet itself!
    The TCP/IP support includes FTP file transfer; once logged
    on to a remote host you start an ftp session back to nt, using
    Alt-H to specify nt's IP address.

    Remember, too, that to use Telnet you must set up a CONFIG.TEL
    file.  This is the same config.tel file as is used by NCSA
    Telnet 2.3.  The important point to note about nt is that it ONLY
    supports the packet driver and dndll devices.


DISCONNECT [portid]
        Shuts down the terminal session on the specified port.


EXIT
    Leave nt and return to DOS.


FINISH
        Shut down remote Kermit server.  The remote Kermit returns to
        normal operation, i.e. when you CONNECT again it will be waiting
        for your next Kermit command.


GET host_file
        Asks remote Kermit server to send the specified host file.  If the
        host file name includes special characters (apart from a period)
        it should be enclosed in quotes or apostrophes.  If you want to
        GET more than one file you may use 'wildcard' characters - as long
        as these are valid on the host system - or you may give a list
        of host files separated by commas.  For example (with the remote
        Kermit running on a VAX) GET 'FIRST.C, SECOND.C, *.DAT'


HELP
    Switches into nt's on-line help system.  This reads a file called
    nt.hlp; the PgUp and PgDn keys move you up and down the file a page
    at a time.  The Home key takes you back to the start of the file.
    Any other keys return from the help system.

    The nt.hlp file is simply a text file, except that any line starting
    with a grave character (`) marks the end of a help page.


INPUT [s] string
        Resumes the current terminal session (or starts a new one if
        the current one isn't active), and waits until either the string
        is received.

    If the string is received as expected, the session is suspended
    and control returns to the nt prompt.  If the string hasn't
        been received after s seconds have elapsed an error is signaled.
    nt's response to this error is controlled by the SET INPUT
        ERROR command.

        Case may or not be significant in examining incoming characters;
        this is controlled by the SET INPUT CASE command.

    If no wait time is given nt will wait for the time set
        by the SET INPUT DEFAULT-TIMEOUT command.


LOCAL CWD local_dir
    Changes nt's current working directory.  This directory is used
    when nt is opening files for sending or receiving.
        For example (on the PC)  LOCAL CWD B:\XYZ


LOG {DEBUG, SESSION, TRANSACTIONS} [fileid]
    Starts logging of debugging information, CONNECT sessions or nt
        transactions.  If no fileid is given the files  will be called
    debug.log, session.log or nt.log.
        The session log keeps a record of every character received during
        terminal emulation; the session.log file is closed at the next
    LOG SESSION command, or when you EXIT nt.


NEXT
        Equivalent to CONNECT NEXT.


OUTPUT string
        Resumes the current terminal session (or starts a new one if
        the current one isn't active), then sends the given string
    as though it had been typed at the keyboard.


PAUSE UNTIL HHMM
        Watches the DOS time-of-day clock until it reaches the specified
        time.  Pressing any key will terminate the command and return
    you to the nt prompt.


PAUSE [s]
        Waits for the specified number of seconds.  If no wait time
    is given, nt waits for one second.


PREVIOUS
        Equivalent to CONNECT PREVIOUS.


PUSH
    Escape to DOS, return via Alt-W.  See CONNECT for details.


QUIT
        Synonym for EXIT.


RECEIVE [local_filename]
    Requests nt to receive a file which is being sent by the remote
    Kermit.  If no local-filename is given nt will use the file's
        host name, i.e. the name it was SENT with.  The local_filename
        may NOT contain 'wildcard' characters.
        If the local_filename is a directory name (e.g. on the PC a name
        ending with : or \) it will be used as a directory name, overriding
        the directory specified by LOCAL CWD.


REMOTE CWD host_dir
        Changes the current working directory on the host system, i.e.
        for the remote Kermit.  The host directory is used when the remote
        Kermit is opening files for sending or receiving.
        If the host_dir contains special characters it should be enclosed
        in quotes or apostrophes; these are not sent to the host.
        For the VAX one might say  REMOTE CWD 'CCC_DISK:[CCC_NEVIL.TEST]'


SEND local_file [, local_file [, local_file [, ... ]]]
        Sends one or more files to the remote Kermit.  The file names
        are those of files on the local system and may contain 'wildcard'
        characters, e.g. (on the PC) B:NT*.C, A:PROG.00?
        Note that the file names are separated by commas.


SERVER
    Puts nt into server mode.  In server mode nt expects to
    be controlled by the other Kermit; use 'escape char' C to leave
        CONNECT mode then use commands like SEND, GET and FINISH.


SET AUTO-WRAP {ON, OFF}
        Sets wrap mode for terminal emulation, i.e. text wraps from the end
        of a screen line to the start of the next.


SET AUTO-CR {ON, OFF}
        Sets auto-linefeed mode for terminal emulation, i.e. a Carriage
    Return is sent and displayed after every Line Feed.


SET BLOCK-CHECK c
    Tells nt what type of checksum it should use for each packet.
        The checksum type actually used is the maximum of those supported
        by the two Kermits involved in a file transfer.  c may be

           1  Simple checksum, folded into 6 bits.
                 This is the usual 'Kermit' default.
           2  Bottom 12 bits of the simple checksum.
                 Not very useful really, since the checksum can
                 easily grow to more than 12 bits.
           3  A 16-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC).
                 Much more reliable than types 1 and 2.


SET CONINIT string
        Sets up a sequence of characters sent on the line when CONNECT
    starts.  For example,  SET CONINIT "\r\n"  would send CR LF.


SET DEBUGGING level
        Specifies how much debugging information should be collected while
        Kermit is running.  The default value is 0 (no debugging).  A value
        of 1 makes a trace of Kermit's state as packets are interchanged.
        A value of 2 makes a full trace of every packet.


SET DISPLAY {COLOUR, BLACK-WHITE, EGA, HERCULES, MONOCHROME}
        Tells nterm what type of display adaptor you are using.  nterm
        attempts to determine this for itself by looking at the hardware,
        but it can't always tell for sure.


SET EIGHT-BIT-CONTROLS {ON, OFF}
        Sets eight-bit-controls for terminal emulation, i.e. control
        characters from DEC's eight-bit character set are used.  Note that
        for this to work your communications line must support eight-bit
        data, and the host operating system (VMS) must know that you are
        using eight bit controls.


SET ESCAPE char
    Sets the 'escape' character nt uses while in CONNECT mode,
        i.e. while emulating a terminal.
    For example  SET ESCAPE \0x1c  makes Control-\ the escape character.
    The default value is #0x1d, i.e. Control-].


SET FILE DELETE
        Specifies that files are to be deleted after they have been
        sent to a remote Kermit.  Reset by default, i.e. files remain
        on disk after they have been sent.


SET FILE TYPE {BINARY, TEXT}
    Tells nt what kind of files you want to transfer via Kermit.
    The default type is TEXT, and nt will perform whatever translations
    (e.g. EBCDIC to ASCII) and conversions (e.g. fixed records to
    character stream) are neccessary when moving a file from one system
    to another.  BINARY files, on the other hand, are transfered with
    no translations.  Note that to move a binary file successfully
    you must SET FILE TYPE BINARY for both the local AND the remote
    Kermits.


SET FILE WARNING {ON, OFF}
    Tells nt that a received file shouldn't overwrite an existing
        one.  On the PC the incoming file will be written with a new name
        instead, e.g. if we get a file called PROG.C three times, the first
        time it will be stored as PROG.C, the second as PROG.001, the
        third as PROG.002.


SET FLOW-CONTROL {XON-XOFF, NONE}
    Specifies what kind of flow control nt should use for this
    session.  The default is XON-XOFF, which means that Ctrl-S will
    stop sending data and Ctrl-Q will start it again.  Setting
    FLOW-CONTROL NONE disables XON-XOFF handling; Ctrl-S and Ctrl-Q
        are treated like any other characters.


SET HELP-PROMPT {ON, OFF}
    If help-prompt is on (the default), nt will display 'A-? for help'
    on the status line (lower left of screen) when the first session
    is started.


SET IDLE ACTIVE m
    Specifies how many minutes to wait while one or more terminal
    sessions are active before 'timing out' and returning to DOS.
    The 'idle' time is measured from the last line event, i.e. the
    last character received or sent during the session most recently
    in use.  The default is not to time out active sessions.


SET IDLE INACTIVE s
    Tells nt it should return to DOS s seconds after disconnecting the
    last active session.  Telnet and LAT are disconnected by their
    hosts as part of logging off, but serial-port sessions must be
    DISCONNECTed by the user.  The default is not to time out.


SET INPUT CASE {IGNORE, OBSERVE}
    Specifies whether or not case is significant when nt is
        searching for an INPUT string.  The default is IGNORE.


SET INPUT DEFAULT-TIMEOUT s
    Specifies the default time the INPUT command should wait while
    searching for a string.  If the string is not found within
    this time the INPUT command returns signalling failure.

        If the default INPUT timeout interval has not been specifed
        by a SET INPUT DEFAULT-TIMEOUT command, INPUT will search
        for 5 seconds.


SET INPUT TIMEOUT-ACTION {PROCEED, QUIT}
    Tells nt what to do if an INPUT action fails, i.e. returns
        having timed out while searching for a string.

    If TIMEOUT-ACTION is PROCEED (the default action), nt will
    simply execute the next command given to it at the nt prompt;
        if it is executing commands from a TAKE file it will execute
        the next line from the file.

    If TIMEOUT-ACTION is QUIT, nt will stop executing the current
    TAKE file and resume execution of the TAKE file which called it.


SET KB-STATUS-DISPLAY {ON, OFF}
        Turns on a display (in the lower right-hand corner of the screen)
        of the keyboard shift status.  If you are using an AT-style keyboard
        you won't need this, since the AT keyboard's LEDs are controlled by
        BIOS and always show the correct shift status.  Otherwise you will
        find this display invaluable, especially if you have a keyboard with
        LEDs which toggle when the shift keys are pressed.  This is because
        nt's keyboard handler uses Num Lock to get into Numeric shift, but
        Shift-Num Lock to get out of it.


SET KEY {SCAN n, Fn} string
        Redfines a keyboard key.  For example

       SET KEY F10 "Hello there\r\n"

        will send Hello there CR LF when the PC's F10 key is pressed.

        The 'scan code' used here is the extended key code defined by
        the PC BIOS keyboard handler, and listed in the PC BASIC manual,
        for example 59 = F1 (this is the hardware scan code),
        84 = Shift-F1, 94 = Control-F1, and 104 = Alt-F1.
    Note that you may not redefine key combinations which produce
        a normal ASCII character.

        To find the scan code for any key use the SHOW KEY command.


SET INTER-CHAR-PAUSE s
    Tells nt it should pause for s seconds between characters when
    sending an OUTPUT string.  For example SET INTER-CHAR 0.2 would
    OUTPUT strings at a rate of 5 characters per second.


SET LINE line
    Specifies the terminal line nt should use.  Setting LINE
    also tells nt it should run in local mode for Kermit, i.e.
    with messages displayed on the local terminal.


SET LOCAL-ECHO {ON, OFF}
        Sets local echo mode for terminal emulation, i.e. every character
        sent is also displayed on the screen.  If the host also echoes
        the characters they will be displayed twice.
        This option is useful when working via packet networks where the
        cost of echoing individual characters is high.


SET PARITY {EVEN, MARK, NONE, ODD, SPACE}
    Tells nt what parity to use on the communications line.
    Setting PARITY to NONE tells nt that parity isn't being used,
        it can therefore expect to send and receive 8-bit characters.
    For other settings of PARITY nt will send and receive 7-bit
        characters, and will use 'eight bit quoting' to allow it to
        transfer characters with their eighth bit on.


SET PORT portid
    Specifies the communications port nt should use.
    Doesn't alter nt's Kermit mode (local or remote).
        Allowed values for portid are discussed with the CONNECT command.
        The default port on the PC is COM1.


SET PRINT-SCREEN {ON, OFF}
        Enables the PC's Print Screen function.  If this option is ON
        (the default setting), the PC screen will be dumped to a local
        printer if there is one attached.  If there isn't a printer BIOS
        just hangs waiting for the printer to become ready, and the only
        way out seems to be to reboot DOS.  Turning this option OFF
        disables the Print Scrren function; it is a good idea to do this
        if you don't have a local printer.


SET RECEIVE PACKET-SIZE n
        Tells the remote Kermit the maximum packet size we can handle;
        the default is 94, and the maximum is 4000.
        The packet size actually sent will be the maximum of n and the
        remote Kermit's maximum packet size.
        Note that you should SET BLOCK-CHECK to 3 (or at least 2) when
        using long (i.e. greater than 94 character) packets.


SET RECEIVE PADDING n
    Number of pad characters nt wants to see at the head of
        each incoming packet.  Default value is 0.


SET RECEIVE PAUSE time
    Sets the number of seconds nt waits before acknowledging an incoming
    packet.  Default value is 0.25 seconds.


SET RECEIVE TIMEOUT time
    Specifies how many seconds the remote Kermit should wait for a packet
    from us before sending a NAK or retransmitting.  Default value
    is 7 seconds.


SET REVERSEBOLD
        Tells nterm to interchange the meanings of 'bold' and 'normal' when
        displaying characters on the screen.


SET SEND PACKET-SIZE n
    Sets the maximum size of Kermit packets sent by nt; the default is
    94 and the maximum is 4000.
    n is the maximum packet size nt will send, and will override
    the maximum packet size specified by the remote Kermit.  This
        may be useful if you want to send packets smaller than the remote
        Kermit's maximum size while receiving maximum-size packets.
        Note that you should SET BLOCK-CHECK to 3 (or at least 2) when
        using long (i.e. greater than 94 character) packets.


SET SEND PADDING n
        Number of pad characters to send at the head of each outgoing
        packet.  Default value is 0.


SET SEND PAUSE time
    Sets the time (in seconds) nt waits before sending each outgoing
    packet.  Default value is 0.25 seconds.


SET SEND TIMEOUT time
    Specifies how many seconds to wait for a packet before sending a NAK
    or retransmitting.  Default value is 5 seconds.


SET SERVICE service
    Specifies which Telnet host or LAT service is required when a new
    terminal session is begun on a TCP or LAT port.
    Note that LAT ports are provided via the LAT driver from DECNET/DOS;
    this can be purchased from DEC.  A list of the available LAT services
    can be displayed by using the SHOW SERVICES command.


SET SPEED speed
    Sets speed of serial communication line. Default speed is 2400 bps.


SET TAKE ECHO {ON, OFF}
    Tells nt whether or not to display commands from TAKE files
    as they are executed; the default is ON.  The name of the TAKE
    file is displayed at the start of each line, making it easier
    to see how a set of TAKE files are nested.


SET TAKE ERROR {PROCEED, QUIT}
    Tells nt what to do if a nt command fails.  This
    will normally be because it has a syntax error of some kind.

    If TAKE ERROR is PROCEED (the default action), nt will
    simply execute the next command given to it at the nt prompt;
        if it is executing commands from a TAKE file it will execute
        the next line from the file.

    If TAKE ERROR is QUIT, nt will
    stop executing the current TAKE file and resume execution
    of the TAKE file which called it.


SET TERMINAL term
        Sets type of terminal CONNECT will emulate.  term is V200 by default
    When CONNECT starts nt calls nterm, which looks for a file called
    term_type.TDF.  TDF files are provided with nt for
          VT  }                            AT
         VTE  }  DEC vt200, for PC with    PC    Keyboard
         VTP  }                        'Enhanced'
        V200  =  Visual 200 (very similar to DEC VT52)
         ADDS520  =  ADDS 520
    Note that nterm always provides Tektronix 4014 emulation, regardless
        of which TDF file is being used


SHOW ALL
    Displays the current state of all the nt SET options.


SHOW KEY
        Waits for you to press a combination of PC keyboard keys,
    then displays the corresponding scan code.

    The 'scan code' given by SHOW KEY is an extended version of
    the IBM hardware scan codes, and may vary depending on which
    keyboard you have, and on which terminal type you have specified
    to nt.  Two points to remember here ..

       * Use the SET TERM command to specify which type of terminal
         emulation you wish to use, then CONNECT to a host machine;
         this forces nt to actually load the terminal definition.
         You should do this before using SHOW KEY.

       * The Alt key can't be used in conjunction with any of the
         alternate keypad keys.  This is because the PC BIOS uses
         Alt-nnn as a way to input character nnn (e.g. ALT- 2 5 5
         produces the character whose decimal value is 255), and
         nt uses Alt with the Num-Lock, Scroll-Lock and Grey-+ keys
         to simulate the outer keys of the alternate keypad for
         the PC and 'enhanced' keyboard.

    If you don't press any key SHOW KEY will time out after
    10 seconds, and return to the nt command prompt.


SHOW KEYS
        Lists (by scan code) all the PC keys which have been
        redfined by the SET KEY command.


SHOW SERVICES
        Lists (in alphabetical order) all the LAT services which are
        currently available on your ethernet.


SHOW SESSIONS
        Lists the communications ports which have current terminal
        sessions on them.  The 'current' session (i.e. the one which
        will be resumed by CONNECT with no portid) is indicated with
        an arrow.


SHOW set_option
    Displays the state of a particular nt SET option,
        e.g.  SHOW SPEED  displays the current line speed setting.


START service
        Equivalent to SET SERVICE service; CONNECT.
    This command is a quick way to specify a Telnet host or LAT service
    and begin a terminal session with it.  Note that if the current port
    already has an active session it will be terminated before the new
    one is begun.


TAKE file
    Tells nt to start executing commands from the specified file.
    Such command files are referred to as TAKE files.  When the
    last command from the TAKE file has been executed, nt returns
    to the next statement in the calling TAKE file, or to the nt
    prompt.


TRANSMIT file handshake
        Resumes the current terminal session (or starts a new one if
        the current one isn't active), then sends the specified file
        one line at a time as though it has been typed at the keyboard.

    After each character is sent nt waits until the character
        is echoed.  If the remote system doesn't echo characters, set
        LOCAL-ECHO to provide echoing of the characters as they are sent.

    After each line nt waits until the handshake string is
        received.

        TRANSMIT uses the INPUT parameters DEFAULT-TIMEOUT and CASE
        in the same way as INPUT.


TRANSMIT BREAK
        Sends a short break via the current port.


Interrupting nt
    You can interrupt the Kermit packet exchange protocol from the
        keyboard in several ways, as follows

            Control-X  Stops the transfer of the current file,
                          and discards any part of it which has been
                          received
            Control-Z  Stops transfer of the current file as above,
              and returns nt to its command prompt.
            Control-E  Sends an intentional Error packet.  This
                          will force the remote Kermit to return to
                          command or server mode.
            Return     Forces a packet timeout; this usually causes
              nt to resend the last packet.


Send Raw ASCII Files
        While you are running a terminal session it is sometimes useful to
        be able to read in a file and send it as though you had typed it
    in at the keyboard.  You can do this using the Ctrl-] F and Ctrl-] O
        ESCAPE sequences.

    Alt-O allows you to specify the 'Handshake' string.  This
        is the sequence of characters the remote system sends back after
        each line of input.  You may enter any sequence of characters;
    Return terminates the 'Remote File Prompt' (RFP) sequence and
    resumes terminal emulation.  If the remote system echoes lines with
    CR LF, use LF (Ctrl-J) for your RFP.

    Alt-F prompts you for the name of the file to send.  Type it in
        and press Return.  nterm reads the first line from the file, sends
        it and waits for the RFP to be sent back.  This sequence continues
        until the whole file has been sent.  If the host fails to send
        back the RFP you may press Return; this tells nterm to stop waiting
        for the RFP and just send the next line.

    This feature is used (from the nt command prompt) to implement the
    TRANSMIT command.


Installing nt
    When nt is running it must be able to find a number of configuration
    files.  To specify the directory containing these you may set a
    DOS environment variable called 'nt', e.g. if they live in a
    directory call C:\AUCOM you could say

       SET NT=C:\AUCOM

    When searching for a file nt looks first in the current directory,
    then in the directory specified by 'nt', then down the DOS PATH.

    The configuration files are:
       nt.ini       nt commands to be executed when nt starts (see TAKE)
       nt.hlp       on-line help screens (see HELP)
       ntdf.fnt     dot font characters for TEK 4014 emulation
       *.tdf        terminal definition files
       config.tel   NCSA Telnet configuration file for TCP sessions


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